Excretory Products and Their Elimination

Q1. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

1. Birds and land snails are uricotelic animals.
2. Mammals and frogs are ureotelic animals.
3. Aquatic amphibians and aquatic insects are ammonotelic animals.
4. Birds and reptiles are ureotelic.

Q2. Presence of RBCs in urine is:

1. Uremia
2. Ketonuria
3. Glucosuria
4. Hematuria

Q3. The basic functional unit of human kidney is: 1 Mark

1. Nephron
2. Pyramid
3. Nephridia
4. Henle’s loop

Q4. What is the main role of skin in human?

1. Excretion.
2. Thermoregulation.
3. Sweat production.
4. Defence.

Q5. Presence of __ in urine indicates diabetes mellitus.

1. Glucose.
2. Cholesterol.
3. Ketone bodies.
4. Both 1 and 3.

Q6. Kidney stones are masses of crystals of:

1. Silica.
2. Calcium oxalate.
3. NaCl.
4. Potassium chloride.

Q7. The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised.

1. In the liver but eliminated mostly through kidneys.
2. In kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver.
3. In kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys.
4. In liver and also eliminated by the same through bile.

Q8. What happens when glomerular filteration rate falls?

1. Activation of podocytes.
2. Release of renin.
3. Repression of juxta glomerular cells.
4. None of the above.

Q9. Reabsorption of water in distal parts of kidney tubules/urine formation is controlled by:

1. Calcitonin
2. Relaxin
3. Vasopressin
4. Oxytocin

Q10. Reabsorption of chloride ions from glomerular filtrate in kidney tubule occurs by:

1. Osmosis.
2. Diffusion.
3. Brownian movement.
4. Active transport.

Q11. Uric acid is nitrogenous waste in:

1. Mammals and molluscs.
2. Birds and lizards.
3. Frog and cartilaginous fishes.
4. Insects and bony fishes.

Q12. The kidney of an adult frog is:

1. Pronephros
2. Mesonephros
3. Metanephros
4. Opisthonephros

Q13. In living beings, ammonia is converted into urea through.

1. Ornithine cycle.
2. Citrulline cycle.
3. Fumarine cycle.
4. Arginine cycle.

Q14. Nerves, blood vessels and ureter enters into the kidney through.

1. Calyces
2. Hilum
3. Capsule
4. Cortex

Q15. Which hormone maintains the volume of urine produced by kidneys?

1. Anti Diuretic Hormone.
2. Atrial Natriuretic Factor.
3. Testosterone.
4. Adrenal Hormone.

Q16. Which region of the kidney nephron is the main site of amino acid reabsorption?

1. Distal convoluted tubule.
2. Proximal convoluted tubule.
3. Bowman’s capsule.
4. Glomerulus.

Q17. The muscular tubes which take the urine from the kidneys to the bladder are:

1. Urinary bladders.
2. Ureters.
3. Urethras.
4. Nephrons.

Q18. Part not belonging to uriniferous tubule is:

1. Glomerulus.
2. Henle’sloop.
3. Distal convoluted tubule.
4. Connecting tubule.

Q19. The basic functional unit of the human kidney is:

1. Nephron.
2. Pyramid.
3. Nephridia.
4. Henle’s loop.

Q20. Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?

1. Ascending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes.
2. Descending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
3. Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO .
4. Nearly 99 percent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules.

Q21. The condition of excess urea in blood is known as:

1. Haematuria.
2. Uraemia.
3. Polyuria.
4. None of these.

Q22. JG cells release.

1. Angiotensin II.
2. Aldosterone.
3. Renin.
4. ANF.

Q23. Which excretory organ is used by cockroaches?

1. Protonephridia.
2. Nephridia.
3. Malpighian tubules.
4. Kidneys

Q24. A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of:

1. Fats.
2. Ketones.
3. Amino acids.
4. Glucose.

Q25. If Henle’s loop were absent from mammalian nephron, which of the following is to be expected?

1. The urine will be more concentrated.
2. The urine will be more dilute.
3. There will be no urine formation.
4. There will be hardly any change in the quality and quantity of urine formed.

Q26. Urea from the blood can be removed by:

1. Uremia
2. Micturition
3. Diuresis
4. Dialysis

Q27. If kidneys fail to reabsorb water, the effect on tissue would.

1. Remain unaffected.
2. Shrink and shrivel.
3. Absorb water from blood plasma.
4. Take more O from blood.

Q28. Which of the following statements is correct?

1. ADH – prevents conversion of angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin.
2. Aldosterone – facilitates water reabsorption.
3. ANF – enhances sodium reabsorption.
4. Renin – causes vasodilation.

Q29. In the kidneys, osmotic pressure controls __.

1. Glucose absorption.
2. Sodium absorption.
3. Water absorption.
4. None of these.

Q30. Metanephric kidneys are found in:

1. Birds only.
2. Reptiles only.
3. Mammals only.
4. All of these.